/*
 * This file is part of OpenTTD.
 * OpenTTD is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, version 2.
 * OpenTTD is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
 * See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with OpenTTD. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

/** @file terraform_cmd.cpp Commands related to terraforming. */

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "command_func.h"
#include "tunnel_map.h"
#include "bridge_map.h"
#include "viewport_func.h"
#include "genworld.h"
#include "object_base.h"
#include "company_base.h"
#include "company_func.h"
#include "core/backup_type.hpp"
#include "terraform_cmd.h"
#include "landscape_cmd.h"

#include "table/strings.h"

#include "safeguards.h"

/** Set of tiles. */
typedef std::set<TileIndex> TileIndexSet;
/** Mapping of tiles to their height. */
typedef std::map<TileIndex, int> TileIndexToHeightMap;

/** State of the terraforming. */
struct TerraformerState {
	TileIndexSet dirty_tiles;                ///< The tiles that need to be redrawn.
	TileIndexToHeightMap tile_to_new_height; ///< The tiles for which the height has changed.
};

/**
 * Gets the TileHeight (height of north corner) of a tile as of current terraforming progress.
 *
 * @param ts TerraformerState.
 * @param tile Tile.
 * @return TileHeight.
 */
static int TerraformGetHeightOfTile(const TerraformerState *ts, TileIndex tile)
{
	TileIndexToHeightMap::const_iterator it = ts->tile_to_new_height.find(tile);
	return it != ts->tile_to_new_height.end() ? it->second : TileHeight(tile);
}

/**
 * Stores the TileHeight (height of north corner) of a tile in a TerraformerState.
 *
 * @param ts TerraformerState.
 * @param tile Tile.
 * @param height New TileHeight.
 */
static void TerraformSetHeightOfTile(TerraformerState *ts, TileIndex tile, int height)
{
	ts->tile_to_new_height[tile] = height;
}

/**
 * Adds a tile to the "tile_table" in a TerraformerState.
 *
 * @param ts TerraformerState.
 * @param tile Tile.
 * @ingroup dirty
 */
static void TerraformAddDirtyTile(TerraformerState *ts, TileIndex tile)
{
	ts->dirty_tiles.insert(tile);
}

/**
 * Adds all tiles that incident with the north corner of a specific tile to the "tile_table" in a TerraformerState.
 *
 * @param ts TerraformerState.
 * @param tile Tile.
 * @ingroup dirty
 */
static void TerraformAddDirtyTileAround(TerraformerState *ts, TileIndex tile)
{
	/* Make sure all tiles passed to TerraformAddDirtyTile are within [0, Map::Size()] */
	if (TileY(tile) >= 1) TerraformAddDirtyTile(ts, tile + TileDiffXY( 0, -1));
	if (TileY(tile) >= 1 && TileX(tile) >= 1) TerraformAddDirtyTile(ts, tile + TileDiffXY(-1, -1));
	if (TileX(tile) >= 1) TerraformAddDirtyTile(ts, tile + TileDiffXY(-1,  0));
	TerraformAddDirtyTile(ts, tile);
}

/**
 * Terraform the north corner of a tile to a specific height.
 *
 * @param ts TerraformerState.
 * @param tile Tile.
 * @param height Aimed height.
 * @return Error code or cost.
 */
static std::tuple<CommandCost, TileIndex> TerraformTileHeight(TerraformerState *ts, TileIndex tile, int height)
{
	assert(tile < Map::Size());

	/* Check range of destination height */
	if (height < 0) return { CommandCost(STR_ERROR_ALREADY_AT_SEA_LEVEL), INVALID_TILE };
	if (height > _settings_game.construction.map_height_limit) return { CommandCost(STR_ERROR_TOO_HIGH), INVALID_TILE };

	/*
	 * Check if the terraforming has any effect.
	 * This can only be true, if multiple corners of the start-tile are terraformed (i.e. the terraforming is done by towns/industries etc.).
	 * In this case the terraforming should fail. (Don't know why.)
	 */
	if (height == TerraformGetHeightOfTile(ts, tile)) return { CMD_ERROR, INVALID_TILE };

	/* Check "too close to edge of map". Only possible when freeform-edges is off. */
	uint x = TileX(tile);
	uint y = TileY(tile);
	if (!_settings_game.construction.freeform_edges && ((x <= 1) || (y <= 1) || (x >= Map::MaxX() - 1) || (y >= Map::MaxY() - 1))) {
		/*
		 * Determine a sensible error tile
		 */
		if (x == 1) x = 0;
		if (y == 1) y = 0;
		return { CommandCost(STR_ERROR_TOO_CLOSE_TO_EDGE_OF_MAP), TileXY(x, y) };
	}

	/* Mark incident tiles that are involved in the terraforming. */
	TerraformAddDirtyTileAround(ts, tile);

	/* Store the height modification */
	TerraformSetHeightOfTile(ts, tile, height);

	CommandCost total_cost(EXPENSES_CONSTRUCTION);

	/* Increment cost */
	total_cost.AddCost(_price[PR_TERRAFORM]);

	/* Recurse to neighboured corners if height difference is larger than 1 */
	{
		const TileIndexDiffC *ttm;

		TileIndex orig_tile = tile;
		static const TileIndexDiffC _terraform_tilepos[] = {
			{ 1,  0}, // move to tile in SE
			{-2,  0}, // undo last move, and move to tile in NW
			{ 1,  1}, // undo last move, and move to tile in SW
			{ 0, -2}  // undo last move, and move to tile in NE
		};

		for (ttm = _terraform_tilepos; ttm != endof(_terraform_tilepos); ttm++) {
			tile += ToTileIndexDiff(*ttm);

			if (tile >= Map::Size()) continue;
			/* Make sure we don't wrap around the map */
			if (Delta(TileX(orig_tile), TileX(tile)) == Map::SizeX() - 1) continue;
			if (Delta(TileY(orig_tile), TileY(tile)) == Map::SizeY() - 1) continue;

			/* Get TileHeight of neighboured tile as of current terraform progress */
			int r = TerraformGetHeightOfTile(ts, tile);
			int height_diff = height - r;

			/* Is the height difference to the neighboured corner greater than 1? */
			if (abs(height_diff) > 1) {
				/* Terraform the neighboured corner. The resulting height difference should be 1. */
				height_diff += (height_diff < 0 ? 1 : -1);
				auto [cost, err_tile] = TerraformTileHeight(ts, tile, r + height_diff);
				if (cost.Failed()) return { cost, err_tile };
				total_cost.AddCost(cost);
			}
		}
	}

	return { total_cost, INVALID_TILE };
}

/**
 * Terraform land
 * @param flags for this command type
 * @param tile tile to terraform
 * @param slope corners to terraform (SLOPE_xxx)
 * @param dir_up direction; eg up (true) or down (false)
 * @return the cost of this operation or an error
 */
std::tuple<CommandCost, Money, TileIndex> CmdTerraformLand(DoCommandFlag flags, TileIndex tile, Slope slope, bool dir_up)
{
	CommandCost total_cost(EXPENSES_CONSTRUCTION);
	int direction = (dir_up ? 1 : -1);
	TerraformerState ts;

	/* Compute the costs and the terraforming result in a model of the landscape */
	if ((slope & SLOPE_W) != 0 && tile + TileDiffXY(1, 0) < Map::Size()) {
		TileIndex t = tile + TileDiffXY(1, 0);
		auto [cost, err_tile] = TerraformTileHeight(&ts, t, TileHeight(t) + direction);
		if (cost.Failed()) return { cost, 0, err_tile };
		total_cost.AddCost(cost);
	}

	if ((slope & SLOPE_S) != 0 && tile + TileDiffXY(1, 1) < Map::Size()) {
		TileIndex t = tile + TileDiffXY(1, 1);
		auto [cost, err_tile] = TerraformTileHeight(&ts, t, TileHeight(t) + direction);
		if (cost.Failed()) return { cost, 0, err_tile };
		total_cost.AddCost(cost);
	}

	if ((slope & SLOPE_E) != 0 && tile + TileDiffXY(0, 1) < Map::Size()) {
		TileIndex t = tile + TileDiffXY(0, 1);
		auto [cost, err_tile] = TerraformTileHeight(&ts, t, TileHeight(t) + direction);
		if (cost.Failed()) return { cost, 0, err_tile };
		total_cost.AddCost(cost);
	}

	if ((slope & SLOPE_N) != 0) {
		TileIndex t = tile + TileDiffXY(0, 0);
		auto [cost, err_tile] = TerraformTileHeight(&ts, t, TileHeight(t) + direction);
		if (cost.Failed()) return { cost, 0, err_tile };
		total_cost.AddCost(cost);
	}

	/* Check if the terraforming is valid wrt. tunnels, bridges and objects on the surface
	 * Pass == 0: Collect tileareas which are caused to be auto-cleared.
	 * Pass == 1: Collect the actual cost. */
	for (int pass = 0; pass < 2; pass++) {
		for (const auto &t : ts.dirty_tiles) {
			assert(t < Map::Size());
			/* MP_VOID tiles can be terraformed but as tunnels and bridges
			 * cannot go under / over these tiles they don't need checking. */
			if (IsTileType(t, MP_VOID)) continue;

			/* Find new heights of tile corners */
			int z_N = TerraformGetHeightOfTile(&ts, t + TileDiffXY(0, 0));
			int z_W = TerraformGetHeightOfTile(&ts, t + TileDiffXY(1, 0));
			int z_S = TerraformGetHeightOfTile(&ts, t + TileDiffXY(1, 1));
			int z_E = TerraformGetHeightOfTile(&ts, t + TileDiffXY(0, 1));

			/* Find min and max height of tile */
			int z_min = std::min({z_N, z_W, z_S, z_E});
			int z_max = std::max({z_N, z_W, z_S, z_E});

			/* Compute tile slope */
			Slope tileh = (z_max > z_min + 1 ? SLOPE_STEEP : SLOPE_FLAT);
			if (z_W > z_min) tileh |= SLOPE_W;
			if (z_S > z_min) tileh |= SLOPE_S;
			if (z_E > z_min) tileh |= SLOPE_E;
			if (z_N > z_min) tileh |= SLOPE_N;

			if (pass == 0) {
				/* Check if bridge would take damage */
				if (IsBridgeAbove(t)) {
					int bridge_height = GetBridgeHeight(GetSouthernBridgeEnd(t));

					/* Check if bridge would take damage. */
					if (direction == 1 && bridge_height <= z_max) {
						return { CommandCost(STR_ERROR_MUST_DEMOLISH_BRIDGE_FIRST), 0, t }; // highlight the tile under the bridge
					}

					/* Is the bridge above not too high afterwards? */
					if (direction == -1 && bridge_height > (z_min + _settings_game.construction.max_bridge_height)) {
						return { CommandCost(STR_ERROR_BRIDGE_TOO_HIGH_AFTER_LOWER_LAND), 0, t };
					}
				}
				/* Check if tunnel would take damage */
				if (direction == -1 && IsTunnelInWay(t, z_min)) {
					return { CommandCost(STR_ERROR_EXCAVATION_WOULD_DAMAGE), 0, t }; // highlight the tile above the tunnel
				}
			}

			/* Is the tile already cleared? */
			const ClearedObjectArea *coa = FindClearedObject(t);
			bool indirectly_cleared = coa != nullptr && coa->first_tile != t;

			/* Check tiletype-specific things, and add extra-cost */
			Backup<bool> old_generating_world(_generating_world, FILE_LINE);
			if (_game_mode == GM_EDITOR) old_generating_world.Change(true); // used to create green terraformed land
			DoCommandFlag tile_flags = flags | DC_AUTO | DC_FORCE_CLEAR_TILE;
			if (pass == 0) {
				tile_flags &= ~DC_EXEC;
				tile_flags |= DC_NO_MODIFY_TOWN_RATING;
			}
			CommandCost cost;
			if (indirectly_cleared) {
				cost = Command<CMD_LANDSCAPE_CLEAR>::Do(tile_flags, t);
			} else {
				cost = _tile_type_procs[GetTileType(t)]->terraform_tile_proc(t, tile_flags, z_min, tileh);
			}
			old_generating_world.Restore();
			if (cost.Failed()) {
				return { cost, 0, t };
			}
			if (pass == 1) total_cost.AddCost(cost);
		}
	}

	Company *c = Company::GetIfValid(_current_company);
	if (c != nullptr && GB(c->terraform_limit, 16, 16) < ts.tile_to_new_height.size()) {
		return { CommandCost(STR_ERROR_TERRAFORM_LIMIT_REACHED), 0, INVALID_TILE };
	}

	if (flags & DC_EXEC) {
		/* Mark affected areas dirty. */
		for (const auto &t : ts.dirty_tiles) {
			MarkTileDirtyByTile(t);
			TileIndexToHeightMap::const_iterator new_height = ts.tile_to_new_height.find(t);
			if (new_height == ts.tile_to_new_height.end()) continue;
			MarkTileDirtyByTile(t, 0, new_height->second);
		}

		/* change the height */
		for (const auto &it : ts.tile_to_new_height) {
			TileIndex t = it.first;
			int height = it.second;

			SetTileHeight(t, (uint)height);
		}

		if (c != nullptr) c->terraform_limit -= (uint32)ts.tile_to_new_height.size() << 16;
	}
	return { total_cost, 0, total_cost.Succeeded() ? tile : INVALID_TILE };
}


/**
 * Levels a selected (rectangle) area of land
 * @param flags for this command type
 * @param tile end tile of area-drag
 * @param start_tile start tile of area drag
 * @param diagonal Whether to use the Orthogonal (false) or Diagonal (true) iterator.
 * @param LevelMode Mode of leveling \c LevelMode.
 * @return the cost of this operation or an error
 */
std::tuple<CommandCost, Money, TileIndex> CmdLevelLand(DoCommandFlag flags, TileIndex tile, TileIndex start_tile, bool diagonal, LevelMode lm)
{
	if (start_tile >= Map::Size()) return { CMD_ERROR, 0, INVALID_TILE };

	/* remember level height */
	uint oldh = TileHeight(start_tile);

	/* compute new height */
	uint h = oldh;
	switch (lm) {
		case LM_LEVEL: break;
		case LM_RAISE: h++; break;
		case LM_LOWER: h--; break;
		default: return { CMD_ERROR, 0, INVALID_TILE };
	}

	/* Check range of destination height */
	if (h > _settings_game.construction.map_height_limit) return { CommandCost(oldh == 0 ? STR_ERROR_ALREADY_AT_SEA_LEVEL : STR_ERROR_TOO_HIGH), 0, INVALID_TILE };

	Money money = GetAvailableMoneyForCommand();
	CommandCost cost(EXPENSES_CONSTRUCTION);
	CommandCost last_error(lm == LM_LEVEL ? STR_ERROR_ALREADY_LEVELLED : INVALID_STRING_ID);
	bool had_success = false;

	const Company *c = Company::GetIfValid(_current_company);
	int limit = (c == nullptr ? INT32_MAX : GB(c->terraform_limit, 16, 16));
	if (limit == 0) return { CommandCost(STR_ERROR_TERRAFORM_LIMIT_REACHED), 0, INVALID_TILE };

	TileIndex error_tile = INVALID_TILE;
	std::unique_ptr<TileIterator> iter = TileIterator::Create(tile, start_tile, diagonal);
	for (; *iter != INVALID_TILE; ++(*iter)) {
		TileIndex t = *iter;
		uint curh = TileHeight(t);
		while (curh != h) {
			CommandCost ret;
			std::tie(ret, std::ignore, error_tile) = Command<CMD_TERRAFORM_LAND>::Do(flags & ~DC_EXEC, t, SLOPE_N, curh <= h);
			if (ret.Failed()) {
				last_error = ret;

				/* Did we reach the limit? */
				if (ret.GetErrorMessage() == STR_ERROR_TERRAFORM_LIMIT_REACHED) limit = 0;
				break;
			}

			if (flags & DC_EXEC) {
				money -= ret.GetCost();
				if (money < 0) {
					return { cost, ret.GetCost(), error_tile };
				}
				Command<CMD_TERRAFORM_LAND>::Do(flags, t, SLOPE_N, curh <= h);
			} else {
				/* When we're at the terraform limit we better bail (unneeded) testing as well.
				 * This will probably cause the terraforming cost to be underestimated, but only
				 * when it's near the terraforming limit. Even then, the estimation is
				 * completely off due to it basically counting terraforming double, so it being
				 * cut off earlier might even give a better estimate in some cases. */
				if (--limit <= 0) {
					had_success = true;
					break;
				}
			}

			cost.AddCost(ret);
			curh += (curh > h) ? -1 : 1;
			had_success = true;
		}

		if (limit <= 0) break;
	}

	CommandCost cc_ret = had_success ? cost : last_error;
	return { cc_ret, 0, cc_ret.Succeeded() ? tile : error_tile };
}