/* $Id$ */

/** @file fileio.cpp Standard In/Out file operations */

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "openttd.h"
#include "fileio.h"
#include "functions.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "macros.h"
#include "variables.h"
#include "debug.h"
#include "fios.h"
#ifndef WIN32
#include <pwd.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#endif

/*************************************************/
/* FILE IO ROUTINES ******************************/
/*************************************************/

#define FIO_BUFFER_SIZE 512
#define MAX_HANDLES 64

struct Fio {
	byte *buffer, *buffer_end;          ///< position pointer in local buffer and last valid byte of buffer
	uint32 pos;                         ///< current (system) position in file
	FILE *cur_fh;                       ///< current file handle
	FILE *handles[MAX_HANDLES];         ///< array of file handles we can have open
	byte buffer_start[FIO_BUFFER_SIZE]; ///< local buffer when read from file
#if defined(LIMITED_FDS)
	uint open_handles;                  ///< current amount of open handles
	const char *filename[MAX_HANDLES];  ///< array of filenames we (should) have open
	uint usage_count[MAX_HANDLES];      ///< count how many times this file has been opened
#endif /* LIMITED_FDS */
};

static Fio _fio;

/* Get current position in file */
uint32 FioGetPos()
{
	return _fio.pos + (_fio.buffer - _fio.buffer_start) - FIO_BUFFER_SIZE;
}

void FioSeekTo(uint32 pos, int mode)
{
	if (mode == SEEK_CUR) pos += FioGetPos();
	_fio.buffer = _fio.buffer_end = _fio.buffer_start + FIO_BUFFER_SIZE;
	_fio.pos = pos;
	fseek(_fio.cur_fh, _fio.pos, SEEK_SET);
}

#if defined(LIMITED_FDS)
static void FioRestoreFile(int slot)
{
	/* Do we still have the file open, or should we reopen it? */
	if (_fio.handles[slot] == NULL) {
		DEBUG(misc, 6, "Restoring file '%s' in slot '%d' from disk", _fio.filename[slot], slot);
		FioOpenFile(slot, _fio.filename[slot]);
	}
	_fio.usage_count[slot]++;
}
#endif /* LIMITED_FDS */

/* Seek to a file and a position */
void FioSeekToFile(uint32 pos)
{
	FILE *f;
#if defined(LIMITED_FDS)
	/* Make sure we have this file open */
	FioRestoreFile(pos >> 24);
#endif /* LIMITED_FDS */
	f = _fio.handles[pos >> 24];
	assert(f != NULL);
	_fio.cur_fh = f;
	FioSeekTo(GB(pos, 0, 24), SEEK_SET);
}

byte FioReadByte()
{
	if (_fio.buffer == _fio.buffer_end) {
		_fio.pos += FIO_BUFFER_SIZE;
		fread(_fio.buffer = _fio.buffer_start, 1, FIO_BUFFER_SIZE, _fio.cur_fh);
	}
	return *_fio.buffer++;
}

void FioSkipBytes(int n)
{
	for (;;) {
		int m = min(_fio.buffer_end - _fio.buffer, n);
		_fio.buffer += m;
		n -= m;
		if (n == 0) break;
		FioReadByte();
		n--;
	}
}

uint16 FioReadWord()
{
	byte b = FioReadByte();
	return (FioReadByte() << 8) | b;
}

uint32 FioReadDword()
{
	uint b = FioReadWord();
	return (FioReadWord() << 16) | b;
}

void FioReadBlock(void *ptr, uint size)
{
	FioSeekTo(FioGetPos(), SEEK_SET);
	_fio.pos += size;
	fread(ptr, 1, size, _fio.cur_fh);
}

static inline void FioCloseFile(int slot)
{
	if (_fio.handles[slot] != NULL) {
		fclose(_fio.handles[slot]);
		_fio.handles[slot] = NULL;
#if defined(LIMITED_FDS)
		_fio.open_handles--;
#endif /* LIMITED_FDS */
	}
}

void FioCloseAll()
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i != lengthof(_fio.handles); i++)
		FioCloseFile(i);
}

#if defined(LIMITED_FDS)
static void FioFreeHandle()
{
	/* If we are about to open a file that will exceed the limit, close a file */
	if (_fio.open_handles + 1 == LIMITED_FDS) {
		uint i, count;
		int slot;

		count = UINT_MAX;
		slot = -1;
		/* Find the file that is used the least */
		for (i = 0; i < lengthof(_fio.handles); i++) {
			if (_fio.handles[i] != NULL && _fio.usage_count[i] < count) {
				count = _fio.usage_count[i];
				slot  = i;
			}
		}
		assert(slot != -1);
		DEBUG(misc, 6, "Closing filehandler '%s' in slot '%d' because of fd-limit", _fio.filename[slot], slot);
		FioCloseFile(slot);
	}
}
#endif /* LIMITED_FDS */

void FioOpenFile(int slot, const char *filename)
{
	FILE *f;

#if defined(LIMITED_FDS)
	FioFreeHandle();
#endif /* LIMITED_FDS */
	f = FioFOpenFile(filename);
	if (f == NULL) error("Cannot open file '%s'", filename);

	FioCloseFile(slot); // if file was opened before, close it
	_fio.handles[slot] = f;
#if defined(LIMITED_FDS)
	_fio.filename[slot] = filename;
	_fio.usage_count[slot] = 0;
	_fio.open_handles++;
#endif /* LIMITED_FDS */
	FioSeekToFile(slot << 24);
}

/**
 * Check whether the given file exists
 * @param filename the file to try for existance
 * @return true if and only if the file can be opened
 */
bool FioCheckFileExists(const char *filename)
{
	FILE *f = FioFOpenFile(filename);
	if (f == NULL) return false;

	fclose(f);
	return true;
}

/**
 * Opens the file with the given name
 * @param filename the file to open (in either data_dir or second_data_dir)
 * @return the opened file or NULL when it failed.
 */
FILE *FioFOpenFile(const char *filename)
{
	FILE *f;
	char buf[MAX_PATH];

	if (filename[0] == PATHSEPCHAR || filename[1] == ':') {
		ttd_strlcpy(buf, filename, lengthof(buf));
	} else {
		snprintf(buf, lengthof(buf), "%s%s", _paths.data_dir, filename);
	}

	f = fopen(buf, "rb");
#if !defined(WIN32)
	if (f == NULL) {
		strtolower(strrchr(buf, PATHSEPCHAR));
		f = fopen(buf, "rb");

#if defined SECOND_DATA_DIR
		/* tries in the 2nd data directory */
		if (f == NULL) {
			snprintf(buf, lengthof(buf), "%s%s", _paths.second_data_dir, filename);
			strtolower(buf + strlen(_paths.second_data_dir) - 1);
			f = fopen(buf, "rb");
		}
#endif
	}
#endif

	return f;
}

/**
 * Create a directory with the given name
 * @param name the new name of the directory
 */
void FioCreateDirectory(const char *name)
{
#if defined(WIN32) || defined(WINCE)
	CreateDirectory(OTTD2FS(name), NULL);
#elif defined(OS2) && !defined(__INNOTEK_LIBC__)
	mkdir(OTTD2FS(name));
#else
	mkdir(OTTD2FS(name), 0755);
#endif
}

/**
 * Appends, if necessary, the path separator character to the end of the string.
 * It does not add the path separator to zero-sized strings.
 * @param buf    string to append the separator to
 * @param buflen the length of the buf
 */
void AppendPathSeparator(char *buf, size_t buflen)
{
	size_t s = strlen(buf);

	/* Length of string + path separator + '\0' */
	if (s != 0 && buf[s - 1] != PATHSEPCHAR && s + 2 < buflen) {
		buf[s]     = PATHSEPCHAR;
		buf[s + 1] = '\0';
	}
}

/**
 * Allocates and files a variable with the full path
 * based on the given directory.
 * @param dir the directory to base the path on
 * @return the malloced full path
 */
char *BuildWithFullPath(const char *dir)
{
	char *dest = MallocT<char>(MAX_PATH);
	ttd_strlcpy(dest, dir, MAX_PATH);

	/* Check if absolute or relative path */
	const char *s = strchr(dest, PATHSEPCHAR);

	/* Add absolute path */
	if (s == NULL || dest != s) {
		getcwd(dest, MAX_PATH);
		AppendPathSeparator(dest, MAX_PATH);
		ttd_strlcat(dest, dir, MAX_PATH);
	}
	AppendPathSeparator(dest, MAX_PATH);

	return dest;
}

#if defined(WIN32) || defined(WINCE)
/**
 * Determine the base (personal dir and game data dir) paths
 * @param exe the path to the executable
 */
extern void DetermineBasePaths(const char *exe);
#else /* defined(WIN32) || defined(WINCE) */

/**
 * Changes the working directory to the path of the give executable.
 * For OSX application bundles '.app' is the required extension of the bundle,
 * so when we crop the path to there, when can remove the name of the bundle
 * in the same way we remove the name from the executable name.
 * @param exe the path to the executable
 */
void ChangeWorkingDirectory(const char *exe)
{
#ifdef WITH_COCOA
	char *app_bundle = strchr(exe, '.');
	while (app_bundle != NULL && strncasecmp(app_bundle, ".app", 4) != 0) app_bundle = strchr(&app_bundle[1], '.');

	if (app_bundle != NULL) app_bundle[0] = '\0';
#endif /* WITH_COCOA */
	char *s = strrchr(exe, PATHSEPCHAR);
	if (s != NULL) {
		*s = '\0';
		chdir(exe);
		*s = PATHSEPCHAR;
	}
#ifdef WITH_COCOA
	if (app_bundle != NULL) app_bundle[0] = '.';
#endif /* WITH_COCOA */
}

/**
 * Determine the base (personal dir and game data dir) paths
 * @param exe the path to the executable
 */
void DetermineBasePaths(const char *exe)
{
	/* Change the working directory to enable doubleclicking in UIs */
	ChangeWorkingDirectory(exe);

	_paths.game_data_dir = BuildWithFullPath(GAME_DATA_DIR);
#if defined(SECOND_DATA_DIR)
	_paths.second_data_dir = BuildWithFullPath(SECOND_DATA_DIR);
#else
	_paths.second_data_dir = NULL;
#endif

#if defined(USE_HOMEDIR)
	const char *homedir = getenv("HOME");

	if (homedir == NULL) {
		const struct passwd *pw = getpwuid(getuid());
		if (pw != NULL) homedir = pw->pw_dir;
	}

	_paths.personal_dir = str_fmt("%s" PATHSEP "%s", homedir, PERSONAL_DIR);
	AppendPathSeparator(_paths.personal_dir, MAX_PATH);
#else /* not defined(USE_HOMEDIR) */
	_paths.personal_dir = BuildWithFullPath(PERSONAL_DIR);
#endif /* defined(USE_HOMEDIR) */
}
#endif /* defined(WIN32) || defined(WINCE) */

/**
 * Acquire the base paths (personal dir and game data dir),
 * fill all other paths (save dir, autosave dir etc) and
 * make the save and scenario directories.
 * @param exe the path to the executable
 * @todo for save_dir, autosave_dir, scenario_dir and heightmap_dir the
 *       assumption is that there is no path separator, however for gm_dir
 *       lang_dir and data_dir that assumption is made.
 *       This inconsistency should be resolved.
 */
void DeterminePaths(const char *exe)
{
	DetermineBasePaths(exe);

	_paths.save_dir      = str_fmt("%ssave" PATHSEP, _paths.personal_dir);
	_paths.autosave_dir  = str_fmt("%s" PATHSEP "autosave" PATHSEP, _paths.save_dir);
	_paths.scenario_dir  = str_fmt("%sscenario" PATHSEP, _paths.personal_dir);
	_paths.heightmap_dir = str_fmt("%s" PATHSEP "heightmap" PATHSEP, _paths.scenario_dir);
	_paths.gm_dir        = str_fmt("%sgm" PATHSEP, _paths.game_data_dir);
	_paths.data_dir      = str_fmt("%sdata" PATHSEP, _paths.game_data_dir);
#if defined(CUSTOM_LANG_DIR)
	_paths.lang_dir = BuildWithFullPath(CUSTOM_LANG_DIR);
#else
	_paths.lang_dir = str_fmt("%slang" PATHSEP, _paths.game_data_dir);
#endif

	if (_config_file == NULL) {
		_config_file = str_fmt("%sopenttd.cfg", _paths.personal_dir);
	}

	_highscore_file = str_fmt("%shs.dat", _paths.personal_dir);
	_log_file = str_fmt("%sopenttd.log",  _paths.personal_dir);

	/* Make (auto)save and scenario folder */
	FioCreateDirectory(_paths.save_dir);
	FioCreateDirectory(_paths.autosave_dir);
	FioCreateDirectory(_paths.scenario_dir);
	FioCreateDirectory(_paths.heightmap_dir);
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a filename, i.e. removes all illegal characters from it.
 * @param filename the "\0" terminated filename
 */
void SanitizeFilename(char *filename)
{
	for (; *filename != '\0'; filename++) {
		switch (*filename) {
			/* The following characters are not allowed in filenames
			 * on at least one of the supported operating systems: */
			case ':': case '\\': case '*': case '?': case '/':
				*filename = '_';
				break;
		}
	}
}