Fix: Do not send vehicles towards incomplete PF nodes

YAPF could end up in a situation where it sets the best intermediate node
to a node whose construction is never finalized (i.e. it is never added to
the open list). The content of the node would be overwritten in the next
round, potentially sending the vehicle to an unwanted location.

Codechange: move casting a "const char *" to "char *" to the caller

It is not nice to have your definition say you won't change a value
while in fact the whole reason for your existance is to change it.

Fix: ScriptObject::DoCommand could modify "text" while defined "const"

This could have unwanted side-effects, as it could change the
source for ever and ever.

Codechange: rename str_validate to StrMakeValid(InPlace) (#9304)

This to be more explicit the function changes the value, and not
returns yes/no.

Fix #9281: acquire a company uses special bookkeeping to make you rich (#9300)

When you buy-out a company, you got your shares back. This is
based on company-value, which includes values for the vehicles etc.
In other words, you not only got the vehicles, but you also got
paid to get them back.

Additionally, you also got the loan of the company, but not the
money for the loan (as that is subtracted from the company-value).

Solve this by changing the rules of a buy-out: don't sell your
shares, get the loan AND the balance and get the infrastructure.

Cleanup: set the base in the setting templates, instead of defining the base for every setting

This has the added benefit of not getting mistaken that multiple bases can be used for the same SettingTable

Update: Translations from eints
norwegian (bokmal): 3 changes by Anolitt
dutch: 3 changes by Afoklala
portuguese (brazilian): 3 changes by Vimerum

Update: Translations from eints
chinese (traditional): 9 changes by benny30111
english (us): 3 changes by 2TallTyler

Codechange: move bits of SettingDesc down to the appropriate sub classes

And by doing so remove the hack where ints were put into pointers so "def" could either be an int or a string

Codechange: use initializer_lists for the settings tables

Not using vectors as those require copying from the initializer list and that
makes unique_ptrs to the actual SettingDesc objects later impossible.

Cleanup: remove and/or fix some confusing comments

The comments for SettingDescType; it is a byte, so not 4 bytes and since it is not a flag there are about 250 other possibilities left instead of 9.
SettingGuiFlag is uint16 so has 2 bytes allocated.
SettingDescGlobVarList and related comments imply that global vars cannot be used elsewhere, but they are used for settings just fine. Even then the type is not used anywhere else but the definition of the table.

Change: mark copy-assignment as deleted for classes with a copy-constructor that is not trivial

This to prevent the default copy-assignment getting used when during the assignment also some other memory needs to be allocated as that would otherwise be freed.

Codechange: remove unneeded comparison and casts

Division by resize_y is already yielding an unsigned number, so when clicking in the WD_FRAMERECT_TOP you would already get a huge value, so sel would never be negative. So, leave sel an unsigned number and remove the <= check.

Update: Translations from eints
russian: 3 changes by Ln-Wolf
slovak: 3 changes by FuryPapaya
spanish: 3 changes by MontyMontana

Update: Translations from eints
swedish: 27 changes by joeax910
spanish (mexican): 1 change by absay
korean: 4 changes by telk5093
german: 3 changes by Wuzzy2
finnish: 3 changes by hpiirai
french: 3 changes by glx22
portuguese: 3 changes by azulcosta

Update: Translations from eints
swedish: 50 changes by joeax910

Update: Translations from eints
chinese (traditional): 3 changes by benny30111

Fix: Encountering two-way red signals could prune unrelated branches.

The intermediate node branch is now only pruned if the node is on the
path leading to the two-way red signal.

Fix: [OpenGL] Increase timeout when waiting for the GPU to be done with the drawing buffer.

The old timeout could be too short if v-sync was on on lower refresh rates.

Update: Translations from eints
japanese: 4 changes by akaregi
korean: 2 changes by telk5093

Update: Translations from eints
japanese: 42 changes by akaregi

Update: Translations from eints
japanese: 74 changes by akaregi

Update: Translations from eints
japanese: 239 changes by akaregi, 18 changes by scabtert

Update: Translations from eints
indonesian: 14 changes by NinjaQuince

Update: Translations from eints
korean: 1 change by telk5093
indonesian: 55 changes by NinjaQuince

Update: Translations from eints
norwegian (bokmal): 1 change by Anolitt
slovak: 1 change by FuryPapaya

Fix #9267, 47a99bb: [Squirrel] Heap use after free

Due to 47a99bb the order of elements in the garbage collection chain has
changed causing the class to be finalised before the instances of that class.
Since the instance's array of member values depends on the size of the values
in the class, the class finalisation resetting that size to 0 causes not all
finalisations to run, which subsequently causes a heap use after free. So,
just set the SQObjectPtrs to 'null' during the finalisation of the SQClass
so the SQInstance can release all instance variables during its finalisation.

Update: Translations from eints
estonian: 1 change by siimsoni
indonesian: 39 changes by w13

Codechange: comparison result is always the same due to earlier check

Practically the length of the handlers not being equal to the number of
features is the problem as it means something was forgotten when adding
a new feature, so static assert to that and let the existing check on
the feature number take care of invalid data from the NewGRFs.

Codechange: use thread safe time functions

Functions like localtime, gmtime and asctime are not thread safe as they (might) reuse the same buffer. So use the safer _s/_r variant for localtime and gmtime, and use strftime in favour of asctime.

Feature: Define refittability of default vehicles using cargo classes.

This ensures that default vehicles can transport any NewGRF defined cargos, albeit with weird graphics and vehicle names.
This also changes the refittability of default vehicles with default industries.

Fix: Resolve cargo-types of default vehicles via their cargo label.

Default vehicles now behave as if they had a cargo translation table. This fixes default vehicles carrying seemingly random cargos, if NewGRF industry sets are present.
This behavior is disabled, when a NewGRF touches any of the cargo-type or refitting properties. In that case it's up to the NewGRF to define its own cargo translation table.