Codechange: Rename and move SpriteGroup-specific cargo types into a namespace.

These 'cargo types' have special defined uses and must not be used elsewhere. This makes it clearer that they are special.

Codechange: Split CT_INVALID into CT_INVALID and INVALID_CARGO.

INVALID_CARGO is a CargoID and should be used for most purposes in game.
CT_INVALID is a CargoType used for defining default properties.

Feature: Randomize direction of rail vehicle on build based on probability callback. (#11489)

This allows NewGRF authors to indicate that the game should randomly flip rail vehicles on build, without needing to use random bits nor duplicate sprites to handle it themselves.

To use this functionality, test for callback 162 (CBID_VEHICLE_BUILD_PROBABILITY) and var10 = 0 (values other than 0 are reserved for future use), and return a value between 0 and 100 inclusive.

The return value is a percentage chance of reversing the vehicle. A value of 0 will always build a forward facing vehicle, and 100 will always build a reverse facing vehicle.

Codechange: Add base() method to StrongType to allow access to the base type without casting. (#11445)

This removes the ability to explicitly cast to the base type, but the requirement
to use .base() means the conversion is still explicit.

Codechange: Use max_element to find best cargo (sub-)type in NewGRF var 42. (#11370)

This replaces two manual loops to find the best cargo (sub-)type.

Codechange: cleanup CargoPacket in terms of variable/function names (#11278)

Over the years, things got reused and changed, making the current
names somewhat unclear in what they actually mean and do.

Fix #10334: Store separate newgrf-safe version of date_of_last_service. (#11124)

This value is not changed when the date cheat is used, which caused issues with changing properties based on service date.

Co-authored-by: Peter Nelson <peter1138@openttd.org>

Codechange: automatic adding of _t to (u)int types, and WChar to char32_t

for i in `find src -type f|grep -v 3rdparty/fmt|grep -v 3rdparty/catch2|grep -v 3rdparty/opengl|grep -v stdafx.h`; do sed 's/uint16& /uint16 \&/g;s/int8\([ >*),;[]\)/int8_t\1/g;s/int16\([ >*),;[]\)/int16_t\1/g;s/int32\([ >*),;[]\)/int32_t\1/g;s/int64\([ >*),;[]\)/int64_t\1/g;s/ uint32(/ uint32_t(/g;s/_uint8_t/_uint8/;s/Uint8_t/Uint8/;s/ft_int64_t/ft_int64/g;s/uint64$/uint64_t/;s/WChar/char32_t/g;s/char32_t char32_t/char32_t WChar/' -i $i; done

Codechange: Use IsValidCargoID/IsValidCargoType.

IsValidCargoType() is used only for unmapped IDs.

Codechange: add non-nullptr asserts in cases where it should never be nullptr

Though where similar calls are checked for nullptr as in those instances of
the use of that function it can actually return nullptr. In other words, write
down the assumption that the function never returns nullptr in an assert.

Fix 2183fd4d: [NewGRF] Use divide instead of right shift for signed numbers. (#9480)

"For negative a, the value of a >> b is implementation-defined (in most implementations, this performs arithmetic right shift, so that the result remains negative)."

Codechange: Use C++ features for train wagon overrides. (#9141)

This removes the need for C-style array management and allows use of iterators to perform wagon override lookups.

Feature: NewGRF callback profiling (#7868)

Adds a console command newgrf_profile to collect some profiling data about NewGRF action 2 callbacks and produce a CSV file.

(svn r27928) -Fix: [NewGRF] While executing random triggers, var 5F should include the new triggers.
-Fix: [NewGRF] Reset used random triggers only after all A123 chains have been resolved, so that all RA2 in all chains can test the shard triggers. This also includes multiple RA2 in the same A123 chain.
-Fix: [NewGRF] Industry random triggers are stored per tile, even when randomising the shared random bits of the parent industry.

(svn r21933) -Codechange: Split cur_order_index into cur_auto_order_index and cur_real_order_index to keep track of the current real order in an unambiguous way.
-Fix [FS#4440]: Automatic orders behave now stable wrt. service orders and are not added or removed depending on the need of servicing.
-Fix: Various other issues with automatic orders, e.g. vehicles getting stuck with "no orders" when there are automatic orders at the end of the order list.